1. Estimate from database developed by Franklin Associates, Ltd. of Prairie Village, Kansas and used in the SimaPro LCA software. Includes energy used to harvest raw materials and manufacture paper towels. 2. Based on pre-folded towels from a national distributor. 3. Based on data from Excel Dryer and informal EBN testing. 4. Assumes two towels per use. For dryers, includes energy used to produce and transmit electricity, based on U.S. average of 11,470 Btu/kWh. Energy for disposal of paper towels is not included. Energy for additional cooling to compensate for dryer use is not included—adding that load would increase dryer energy burden by about 1/3 when space is mechanically cooled. 5. Assumes two towels per use, and national average electricity cost of 8¢/kWh. Administrative and maintenance costs for paper towel use (ordering, receiving, storing, refilling dispensers, disposal) and additional cooling load from dryer use are not included.